Date: c. 1783-1785
Medium: Pencil on white laid paper.
![Drawing of a sea battle, near a harbour, identified as a scene from the 'Grand Assault' on Gibraltar, September 1782. In the foreground, a flotilla of British rowing and gunboats fires towards a line of Spanish 'battering ships', identified by the hipped roof structure seen upon the deck. To the left is a 'Xebec'; a small warship peculiar to the Mediterranean able to operate under sail or oars. Inscribed to recto, top right (handwritten in pencil): 'Continued on as[?] in your Sketch'. Made by Joseph Wright of Derby (1734 - 1797), c.1783-5, pencil on white laid paper.](https://derbymuseumstrailmaker.com/jwimages/1937_739_59.jpg)
Display Date: British, 1831 - 1908
Nationality: British
Biography: Printer; writer; collector Born at Derby on 30 December 1831, William Bemrose was the second son in a family of three sons and one daughter of William Bemrose of Derby, founder in 1827 of the printing and publishing firm of William Bemrose & Sons of Derby and London. His mother was Elizabeth Ride of Lichfield. His elder brother, Henry Howe Bemrose (1827-1912), was conservative member of parliament for Derby from 1895 to 1900 and was knighted in 1897. On their father’s retirement in 1857, Bemrose and his brother Henry assumed management of the family printing business, which grew to include an office in London, with branch offices in Leeds and Manchester. Although actively involved in the printing business, Bemrose pursued many other interests. He became a director of the Royal Crown Derby Porcelain Works, leading him to publish three works on china: 'The Pottery and Porcelain of Derbyshire' (1870), in collaboration with A. Wallis; 'Bow, Chelsea and Derby Porcelain' (1898) and 'Longton Hall Porcelain' (1906). Bemrose chiefly devoted his leisure to travel and to a study of many forms of art, on which he was also a successful author. From an early age, he had practised wood-carving, fret-cutting, and modelling in clay, and later compiled useful manuals concerning them for the instruction of amateurs which were well illustrated and circulated widely. Among these was a 'Manual of Wood-carving' (1862), followed by 'Fret-cutting and Perforated Carving ' (Derby, 1868); 'Buhl Work and Marquetry' (1872); 'Paper Rosette Work and how to Make it' (1873) ; 'Instructions in Fret-cutting with Designs' (1875); and 'Mosaicon: or Paper Mosaic and how to Make it' (1875). Bemrose was also an amateur painter in oils and water-colours and collected pictures, china, and articles of 'vertu', especially items of Egyptian art, which he acquired on his travels. In 1858, Bemrose married the great-granddaughter of Joseph Wright of Derby, Margaret Romana Simpson (1837 - 1901), by whom he had five sons and one daughter. The connection granted Bemrose access to many works by Wright and fired a keen interest in the artist and his legacy. As chairman of the Derby Art Gallery Committee, he was instrumental in establishing a permanent collection of the artist’s work and organised the first retrospective exhibition devoted to Wright in 1883. In 1885 he published the first biography of the artist, titled 'The Life and Work of Joseph Wright, A.R.A., commonly called Wright of Derby.' In 1903, two years after death of his wife Margaret, Bemrose married Lilian, daughter of William John Gumming, M.R.C.S., of Matlock, and widow of Alderman William Hobson of Derby, proprietor of the 'Derbyshire Advertiser.' Bemrose, who was elected a F.S.A. in 1905, also played an active part in wider affairs of Derby. He was a member of the Derbyshire Archaeological Society, and vice-president of the Derby Sketching Club. A member of the Derby school board from 1879, he was its chairman from 1886 to 1902, and was a founder and for many years chairman of the Railway Servants' Orphanage. A pioneer of the volunteer movement, he retired as lieutenant in the 1st Derby volunteers in 1874 after seventeen years' service. He died at Bridlington, while on holiday, on 6 August 1908, and was buried at Derby. His second wife survived him. Bemrose’s varied collection was dispersed among his children who eventually donated items to Derby Museums, including many works on paper by Joseph Wright of Derby. (Much of this information comes from the DNB, 1912 Supplement (volume 1), entry on William Bemrose, by S. E. Fryer. Accessed at Wikisource.org, 2021).
Display Date: British, 1734 - 1797
Nationality: British
Biography: Artist.
Date: c. 1783-1785
Medium: Pencil on white laid paper.
| Object Type: | Drawing |
| Dimensions: | Support: 289 × 333 mm (11 3/8 × 13 1/8 in.) |
| Description: | The drawing shows British gun-boats firing against a line of Spanish 'battering ships'. These are distinguished by the hipped-roof structure upon the decks, which was designed to protect the ships against shot. These were created specially for the 'Grand Assault' against Gibraltar. To the left is a 'Xebec', a small warship peculiar to the Mediterranean able to operate under sail or oars. This one is shown under sail. See also: 1937-739/60A which shows a plan of a British gun-boat, as used during the Grand Assault. [LB: 2024, with thanks to Dr Andrew Bamford for advice concerning the subject] The oil painting mentioned 'View of Gibraltar during the destruction of the Spanish Floating Batteries' to which this drawing has common elements has now been de-accessioned by the Milwaukee Art Museum, USA. It has been purchased by The Agnes Etherington Art Centre in Kingston, Canada. Although still not thought to be by Wright, David de Witt: Bader Curator of European Art at the centre visited the Derby Museum and Art gallery on 04/07/07 for research purposes. Although the composition is very similiar the drawing depicts the gun boats in combat but the painting seems to be a rescue of the burning ships after the battle. David de Witt feels that there is too strong a link between the two to be dismissed entirely and that style is very much that of Wright. There are areas in the painting that are reflected in the drawing and a combination of highly competent detail and more daring brush strokes in the plumes of smoke. The painting however is currently being conserved in Canada because of it's unsable condition and it has previously been crudely restored by filling in areas of lost paint. [ME: 2007] This pencil study appears to have some elements in common with the composition of 'View of Gibraltar during the destruction of the Spanish Floating Batteries' in the Milwaukee Art Museum, USA. Although not considered to be by Wright, it is interesting to find the same viewpoint and specific details of boats and figures in that painting echoed in this drawing. In Wright's letter of 17 February 1785 to William Hayley, he says he fears the finished painting is not what Hayley is expecting 'as the action is not principal and at too great a distance to discriminate particulars, even the men in the Gunboats that lie just off the New Mole (wch makes a fine dark background to the picture) are not more than an inch high. However the floating batteries in different degrees of burning make a fine blaze and illuminate in a striking manner the noble Rock of Gib-'. (DPL). [JW: 1997] Nicolson dates this drawing early 1770's (?) but it may relate to the 'Siege of Gibraltar' painting begun 1783 and exhibited Robin's Rooms 1785 (see Nicolson, 1968, cat.245). |
| Inscriptions: | Inscribed to recto, top right (handwritten in pencil): 'Continued on as[?] in your Sketch'. |
| Provenance: | ...; William Bemrose of Derby; by descent to his son, Herbert Cheney Bemrose; donated to Derby Museums by Florence May Lousada, the widow of Herbert Cheney Bemrose, in 1937. |
| Viewing Status: | Contact Us |
| Item Ref: | 1937-739/59 |